Sensitive Teeth: Causes & How to Help Stop the Pain

What causes sensitive teeth?

Do you cringe from discomfort or pain when you drink a hot beverage or bite into a popsicle? If so, you may be suffering from sensitive teeth. Tooth sensitivity is a fairly common problem triggered by hot or cold foods and drinks, or even by breathing cold air.

What causes sensitive teeth?

• Exposed dentin is usually to blame. Dentin is the tissue that makes up the core of each tooth.
• On the crown of the tooth a protective coating of enamel covers the dentin. When this enamel wears away or decays, the dentin becomes exposed and vulnerable to sensations, including pain.
• Periodontal (gum) disease — an infection of the gums and bone that support the teeth — may also be responsible.
• Gum disease or even too vigorous brushing can cause the gums to recede, leaving the root surfaces exposed, and causing pain.
• If gum disease isn't treated, it can progress until the bone and other tooth supporting tissues are damaged.

How your dentist can help you manage sensitivity

Your dentist will examine your teeth, look for causes for sensitivity, and make treatment recommendations. A dentist can measure the severity of your sensitive teeth by spraying air across each area of your teeth to determine the exact location of sensitivity.

• If the sensitivity is caused by clenching or grinding, your dentist may recommend a mouth guard.
• Products for home use include desensitizing toothpastes and moth rinses.
• In-office procedures include application of desensitizing agents or protective sealants.
• If gum tissue has been lost from the root (gum recession), your dentist may recommend a surgical gum graft to cover the root, protect the tooth, and reduce the sensitivity.
• In cases in which hypersensitivity is severe and persistent and cannot be treated by other means, your dentist may recommend a filling to eliminate the problem.

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Sources:
DDPA: Sensitive smile flyer